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Spinners have been experimenting with different fibers for centuries. Whether you’re working with luxurious fibers to spin like silk or practical spinning fiber like Corriedale wool, there’s a material for every level and project.
This guide breaks down everything from animal to plant-based fibers so you can choose the best spinning fiber for your next project.
Two things struck me as I researched this post.
One, humans are an innovative bunch. It seems that if even the smallest fiber-like strand is harvested from a plant or animal, someone will try to turn it into yarn.
“Hey, nettle, I’ll show you!
Enjoy your life in my yarn stash, you sneaky stinger!”
Two, I wondered who was the first person to try this?
“Ummm, this mint sure smells good. I’ll make a swimsuit out of it!”
Who figured that out!?
Animal fibers for spinning (Protein Fibers)
Wools
Merino
Merino wool comes from Merino sheep and is renowned for its ultra-softness, fine fibers, and excellent warmth-to-weight ratio.
What is Merino wool good for?
Merino is ideal for garments that sit close to the skin, like underwear, base layers, and fine sweaters, due to its softness and moisture-wicking properties.
Felts easily.
How does Merino wool perform?
Merino wool provides excellent insulation and moisture management and is naturally elastic. It can be prone to felting if not handled carefully.
Skill level to spin Merino wool:
Intermediate. Its fine texture can be challenging for beginners to handle without causing breakage or uneven yarn.
Source: Textile Indie Shop Merino Wool
Corriedale
Corriedale wool, a Merino and Lincoln sheep crossbreed, balances softness and durability with a medium-fine texture.
What is Corriedale wool good for?
Corriedale is versatile. It’s well-suited for various projects, from socks and mittens to sweaters and felting projects.
How does Corriedale wool perform?
Corriedale offers a good crimp, making it easier to spin, resulting in sturdy yet soft yarns for direct skin contact.
Skill level to spin Corriedale wool:
Beginner. Its longer staple length and ease of spinning make it an excellent choice for those new to spinning.
Source: The Textile Indie Shop Corriedale Wool
Romney
Romney wool comes from Romney sheep and is characterized by its long, strong, and lustrous fibers.
What is Romney wool good for?
Due to its strength and durability, Romney is great for outerwear, weaving projects, and felting.
How does Romney wool perform?
Romney spins into a robust yarn that is resistant to wear and abrasion, making it ideal for items that require durability.
Skill level to spin Romey wool:
Beginner to Intermediate. Its longer fibers make it manageable for beginners, but its coarseness might be better for spinners with some experience.
Source: The Woolery Romney Top
Shetland
Shetland wool, from the Shetland Islands’ native sheep, is fine, soft, and has a good crimp. Shetland is known for its natural colors.
What is Shetland wool good for?
Excellent for delicate, lightweight garments like traditional Shetland lace shawls and Fair Isle knitting.
How does Shetland wool perform?
It’s warm, breathable, and spins into fine, soft, and strong yarn.
Skill level to spin Shetland wool:
Intermediate. The fineness and softness require some skill to spin evenly.
Source: The Textile Indie Shop Shetland Wool
Jacob
Jacob wool, from the Jacob sheep, is medium-coarse with a high luster and comes in natural colors of white, black, and brown.
What is Jacob wool good for?
Jacob wool works well for decorative items, outerwear, and rugs due to its natural color variations and durability.
How does Jacob wool perform?
Jacob wool offers a unique opportunity to create naturally patterned yarns that are strong and hold their shape well.
Skill level to spin Jacob wool:
Beginner to Intermediate. The fiber thickness and color variation can offer a creative challenge to spinners.
Source: The Woolery Jacob Top
Bluefaced Leicester (BFL)
BFL wool is highly prized for its softness, sheen, and long staple length, making it one of the finest UK wools.
Other Longwool sheep in the Leicester family: English Leicester, Border Leicester, Teeswater
What is Bluefaced Leicester wool good for?
It’s perfect for next-to-skin wear like scarves, shawls, and baby garments, as well as for socks and sweaters that benefit from its durability and luster. BFL’s natural luster reacts well and takes dye evenly.
How does Bluefaced Leicester wool perform?
BFL spins into a silky, smooth yarn with a natural luster and is resilient enough to resist pilling.
Skill level to spin Bluefaced Leicester wool:
Beginner. Its longer staple length and manageability make it a favorite among new spinners.
Source: The Woolery Bluefaced Leicester Top
Icelandic
Icelandic wool is dual-coated, with a long, coarse outer coat (tog) and a soft, fine undercoat (þel).
What is Icelandic wool good for?
Outerwear and traditional Icelandic garments that require both warmth and water resistance.
How does Icelandic wool perform?
Icelandic can be spun in various ways to emphasize softness or durability, offering versatility in the resulting yarn.
Skill level to spin Icelandic wool:
Intermediate to Advanced. Managing the two distinct types of fibers in Icelandic wool can be challenging but rewarding.
Source: The Woolery Icelandic Wool Top
Polwarth
Polwarth wool blends Merino’s softness with Lincoln’s resilience and robustness, resulting in a fiber that’s both soft and strong.
What is Polwarth wool good for?
Polwarth is good for many projects, including garments, accessories, and felting, where you want a balance of softness and durability.
How does Polwarth wool perform?
It has excellent elasticity and loft, making it a joy to spin and wear.
Skill level to spin Polwarth wool:
Beginner to Intermediate. Its characteristics make it forgiving for beginners yet enjoyable for more experienced spinners.
Source: The Woolery Polwarth Wool Top
Rambouillet
Rambouillet, often called the “French Merino,” Rambouillet wool is exceptionally soft and delicate, similar to Merino, but with a bouncier crimp.
What is Rambouillet wool good for?
High-quality, luxurious garments and accessories that require a soft, fine yarn.
How does Rambouillet wool perform?
Rambouillet is known for its warmth, softness, and elasticity, making it versatile and comfortable to wear.
Skill level to spin Rambouillet wool:
Intermediate. Like Merino, its fineness can be challenging for beginners but is highly rewarding for those with some experience.
Source: The Textile Indie Shop Rambouillet Wool
Scandinavian
Scandinavian Fiber, often sourced from the wool of sheep breeds found in the Scandinavian countries, is renowned for its durability and warmth. This fiber is a staple in traditional Nordic textiles and is used in creating garments designed to withstand cold climates.
What is Scandinavian Fiber good for?
Scandinavian Fiber is ideal for crafting heavy-duty winter wear such as sweaters, hats, and mittens. Its natural crimp and elasticity also make it a popular choice for woven rugs and home textiles that require a robust material.
How does Scandinavian Fiber perform?
This fiber offers excellent insulation and moisture-wicking properties, making it suitable for outdoor and cold-weather apparel. It is resilient and holds shape well but may feel coarser than finer wools like Merino or Cashmere.
Skill level to spin Scandinavian Fiber:
Beginner to Intermediate. Scandinavian Fiber’s sturdy nature and moderate staple length make it relatively easy to spin, providing a good starting point for those new to spinning while offering enough complexity for more experienced spinners.
Source: The Textile Indie Shop Scandinavian Fiber
Targhee
Targhee Fiber comes from Targhee sheep, an American breed known for its fine, soft wool. The fiber combines the softness of fine wool with the durability and loft of medium wool, making it a versatile material for a wide range of textiles.
What is Targhee fiber good for?
Targhee Fiber is excellent for creating next-to-skin soft garments like socks, hats, and sweaters. It’s natural elasticity and resilience also make it suitable for items that require a good memory, such as blankets and felting projects.
How does Targhee fiber perform?
It is soft and has a good balance of warmth and breathability, making it comfortable to wear in various climates. Targhee wool is less prone to pilling than finer fibers and offers a pleasing loft that contributes to the yarn’s bounce and hand.
Skill level to spin Targhee fiber:
Intermediate. While Targhee Fiber is not as slippery as some fine wools, its crimp and fineness can challenge beginners. It requires a moderate level of skill to handle and spin effectively, making it ideal for spinners with some experience who want to explore different fiber characteristics.
Source: The Textile Indie Shop Targhee Fiber
Overview of sheep wools:
Wool Type | Softness (1-5) | Durability (1-5) | Ease of Spinning | Ideal Projects | Recommended Skill Level |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Merino | 5 | 3 | Moderate | Fine garments, accessories | Intermediate |
Corriedale | 4 | 4 | Easy | Versatile, good for various projects | Beginner to Intermediate |
Romney | 3 | 5 | Moderate | Outerwear, rugs | Intermediate |
Shetland | 4 | 4 | Moderate | Traditional shawls, fine garments | Intermediate |
Jacob | 3 | 4 | Easy to Moderate | Tapestry, outer garments | Beginner to Intermediate |
Bluefaced Leicester | 5 | 4 | Easy | Next-to-skin wear, luxury items | Beginner to Intermediate |
Icelandic | 2 | 5 | Moderate | Outerwear, traditional lopi sweaters | Intermediate |
Polwarth | 5 | 4 | Moderate | Soft garments, accessories | Intermediate |
Rambouillet | 5 | 3 | Moderate | Fine, soft garments | Intermediate |
Scandinavian | 2 | 5 | Easy | Heavy-duty winter wear | Beginner to Intermediate |
Targhee | 4 | 4 | Moderate | Soft garments, felting projects | Intermediate |
Notes on the Chart:
- Softness (1-5): 1 indicates coarse wool suitable for rugged outerwear and home textiles, while 5 denotes extremely soft wool ideal for next-to-skin comfort.
- Durability (1-5): 1 suggests wool that may be more delicate and prone to pilling, while 5 indicates highly durable wool suitable for heavy use.
- Ease of Spinning: “Easy” indicates more forgiving and suitable wool for beginners. “Moderate” suggests wool that may require some experience due to its fineness, staple length, or other characteristics.
- Ideal Projects: Suggested types of projects for which the wool is particularly well-suited, based on its characteristics.
- Recommended Skill Level: Indicates the spinner’s experience level, which is likely to find spinning this type of wool most rewarding and manageable.
There are many more wool-producing sheep breeds, such as Perendale, Texel, Gotland, Coopworth, Borderdale, etc. The breeds listed above are the most readily available on the market.
Cashmere
Cashmere is the ultimate luxury fiber. It is obtained from the undercoat of cashmere goats and is known for its lightweight and insulating properties.
What is Cashmere wool good for?
You find Cashmere in high-end, luxurious garments like sweaters, scarves, and shawls that offer warmth without bulk.
Does not felt.
How does Cashmere wool perform?
It is exceptionally soft, warm, and lightweight, but it can be delicate and prone to pilling with heavy use.
Skill level to spin Cashmere wool:
Intermediate to Advanced. Its fineness and tendency to clump require careful handling during spinning.
Source: The Woolery Cashmere Top
Mohair
Mohair is a silky and lustrous fiber produced by Angora goats, distinguished by its shine and strength.
What is Mohair wool good for?
Mohair adds sheen and texture to garments and accessories like sweaters, hats, and scarves, as well as luxurious throws.
How does Mohair wool perform?
Mohair is durable, with a high sheen and excellent dye uptake, but can feel scratchy to sensitive skin.
Skill level to spin Mohair wool:
Beginner to Intermediate. Its long staple length and slickness make it relatively easy to spin, but achieving even yarn can be challenging.
Source: The Woolery Mohair Top
Alpaca
Alpaca fiber is soft, durable, and silky, with superior thermal properties, harvested from alpacas.
What is Alpaca wool good for?
Warm and hypoallergenic items such as sweaters, hats, and mittens are ideal for those sensitive to sheep wool.
Alpaca is very warm (warmer than wool), and it doesn’t spring. When a fiber doesn’t spring back, the garment can “grow” as you wear it. Personally, I find alpaca garments too hot for our mild Pacific Northwest winters.
How does Alpaca wool perform?
Alpaca offers warmth, softness, and a slight sheen, with less elasticity than wool.
Skill level to spin Alpaca wool:
Beginner. Its ease of spinning and lack of lanolin make it a good choice for those new to spinning.
Source: The Woolery Baby Alpaca Top
Llama
Llama fiber is similar to alpaca fiber but generally coarser. It has a good balance of warmth, strength, and softness.
What is Llama wool good for?
Outerwear and blankets benefit from Llama Fiber’s durability and warmth.
In my opinion, llama fiber, by itself, does not feel appealing on the skin.
How does Llama wool perform?
Llama is warm and durable, but with a range of softness depending on the animal and preparation.
Skill level to spin Llama wool:
Beginner to Intermediate. The variability in softness and the presence of guard hairs in some fibers can add a level of complexity.
Source: Etsy Baby Llama from D and D Fibers
Camel
Camel fiber is collected from the soft undercoat of camels, known for its warmth, softness, and natural tan color.
Camels have three coats; most spinners are looking for the downy undercoat.
What is Camel wool good for?
Camel makes beautiful, lightweight, and warm garments or accessories, perfect for cold weather without the bulk.
Does not felt easily.
How does Camel wool perform?
Camel provides excellent insulation and is naturally water-resistant, with a luxurious hand.
It doesn’t have much spring, but if you spin it fine, and then add extra twist when you ply, you can add spring.
Skill level to spin Camel wool:
Intermediate. The fine nature of the fiber requires some skill to spin evenly.
Source: Etsy Baby Camel Fiber from Walnut Creek Farms
Angora
Angora fiber is harvested from Angora rabbits, famed for its softness, fluffiness, and warmth.
What is Angora wool good for?
Angora is perfect for delicate, lightweight, and warm items like baby clothes, luxury scarves, and fluffy sweaters.
Does not felt.
How does Angora wool perform?
Extremely soft and warm but prone to shedding and felting if not handled carefully.
Skill level to spin Angora wool:
Advanced. Its short staple length and tendency to felt easily make it challenging to spin.
Source: The Woolery Angora Rabbit Top
Silk
Mulberry Silk
Produced by silkworms fed exclusively on Mulberry leaves, this silk is of the highest quality, known for its smoothness and luster.
What is Mulberry Silk good for?
Mulberry silk is used for the finest, most luxurious textiles, such as shawls, blouses, and lingerie.
How does Mulberry Silk perform?
Mulberry silk is strong, smooth, and with a natural sheen; it dyes beautifully and drapes elegantly.
Skill level to spin Mulberry Silk wool:
Intermediate. Mulberry requires careful handling to maintain its luster and strength in the yarn.
Source: The Textile Indie Shop Silk Fiber
Tussah Silk
Tussah silk, made by wild silkworms, has a natural golden color and is slightly coarser than mulberry silk.
What is Tussah Silk good for?
Tussah silk works great in textured, richly colored textiles that benefit from its natural sheen and strength.
How does Tussah Silk perform?
It’s stronger and more textured than Mulberry silk, offering a different aesthetic and feel compared to Mulberry.
Skill level to spin Tussah Silk wool:
Intermediate. The slight coarseness provides a bit more grip, making it accessible for those with some experience.
Source: The Woolery Natural Tussah Silk Top
Qiviut
Qiviut, from muskoxen, is one of the finest and warmest fibers in the world. It is incredibly soft and lightweight.
What is Qiviut good for?
Ultra-warm, lightweight garments like shawls, scarves, and hats, where warmth without weight is desired.
Does not felt.
How does Qiviut perform?
It is exceptionally warm and soft and does not shrink or felt easily, making it ideal for delicate, luxurious items.
Skill level to spin Qiviut wool:
Advanced. It is rare and costly. Coupled with its fine nature, it’s a more suitable fiber for experienced spinners.
Source: Etsy Qivut (Musk Ox) from Ovibos Store
Bison
Bison fiber is a rare, luxurious fiber known for its warmth, softness, and natural, earthy colors.
What is Bison good for?
Bison makes beautiful, warm (warmer than wool), durable, and luxurious items like gloves, hats, and scarves.
Bison is crazy soft!
Does not felt.
How does Bison perform?
It produces a warm, soft, and durable yarn, similar to cashmere in softness but with added resilience.
Skill level to spin Bison:
Intermediate to Advanced. The fiber’s rarity and unique properties require some experience to spin effectively.
Source: Etsy Bison from Big Sky Bargains
Yak
Yak fiber is fine, soft, and warmer than wool.
What is Yak fiber good for?
High-quality, warm garments and accessories, particularly suited for those sensitive to wool.
Does not felt easily.
How does Yak fiber perform?
Yak spins into a soft, warm (warmer than wool), and durable yarn with a luxurious feel.
Skill level to spin Yak fiber:
Intermediate. Its fine nature and softness make it a bit challenging for beginners but rewarding for those with some experience.
Source: The Woolery De-Haired Yak Fiber Top
Vicuña
Vicuña fiber is one of the most expensive and luxurious fibers in the world, sourced from the Vicuña, a camelid native to the Andes in South America. It is incredibly fine, soft, and warm.
What is Vicuña good for?
Ultra-luxurious garments and accessories that demand the highest quality and softness, such as fine shawls, scarves, and suits.
Does not felt easily.
How does Vicuña perform?
Vicuña offers exceptional warmth and softness with a very lightweight feel, making it highly prized for its comfort and exclusivity.
Skill level to spin Vicuña:
Advanced. The rarity and fineness of the fiber, along with its cost, make it more suitable for experienced spinners who can handle delicate fibers.
Source: Shepherd Textiles Vicuna Fiber
Guinea Pig
While not commonly known for fiber production, guinea pig hair can be spun, but it’s more of a novelty than a practical source of yarn. The fiber is short and varies in texture.
What is Guinea Pig fiber good for?
Small, novelty projects or artistic endeavors where the unique origin of the fiber is valued over its practical qualities.
How does Guinea Pig Fiber perform?
Guinea Pig yarn is quite delicate, suitable only for light, decorative use.
Skill level to spin Guinea Pig fiber :
Intermediate to Advanced. Spinning short and inconsistent fibers like those from guinea pigs requires a good deal of skill and patience.
Plant-based fibers for spinning (cellulose fibers)
Cotton
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll around the seeds of cotton plants. It is known for its versatility, durability, and absorbency.
What is Cotton fiber good for?
Cotton is lightweight and breathable. Perfect for clothing, towels, and bed linens. It’s also popular for summer garments and baby clothes.
How does Cotton fiber perform?
Cotton produces a cool, soft yarn that is ideal for warm-weather wear. Cotton is strong, washable, and can absorb a lot of moisture without feeling damp.
Skill level to spin Cotton fiber:
Intermediate. Spinning cotton requires a tighter twist and different technique due to its short staple length.
Source: The Woolery Ginned Egyptian Cotton Fiber
Linen (Flax)
Linen is made from the fibers of the flax plant and is valued for its exceptional coolness and freshness in hot weather. It is strong, naturally lustrous, and dries faster than cotton.
What is Linen (Flax) good for?
Linen creates beautiful garments, table linens, bed linens, and other household textiles. It’s particularly appreciated for its natural, elegant drape and crisp texture.
How does Linen (Flax) perform?
Linen yarns are durable, have a natural sheen, and soften with use. They are moisture-wicking and known for their distinctive, textured feel.
Skill level to spin Linen (Flax) :
Intermediate to Advanced. Spinning linen requires experience, as the fibers are long and can be stiff, making them more challenging to handle.
Source: The Woolery Flax Top
Santa Fe Wool and Supply Co. carries a gorgeous flax roving in a variety of colors.
Hemp
Hemp fiber is obtained from the stalks of the Cannabis sativa plant and is known for its durability, strength, and mildew resistance.
What is Hemp fiber good for?
Hemp is used in eco-friendly clothing, bags, ropes, and home textiles. Hemp blends well with other fibers, adding strength and durability.
How does Hemp fiber perform?
Hemp spinning results in a strong, durable yarn that softens with wear and washing. Hemp has a similar feel to linen but is even stronger and more durable.
Skill level to spin Hemp fiber:
Intermediate. Like linen, hemp has long fibers that can be challenging to spin, but it becomes easier with practice.
Source: Etsy Hemp Fiber Top from Walnut Creek Farms
Bamboo
Bamboo fiber is a regenerated cellulose fiber made from bamboo plants. It is soft, with a silky feel, and has natural antibacterial properties.
What is Bamboo fiber good for?
Bamboo is perfect for soft, draping garments and eco-friendly textiles. It’s also used for baby clothes, towels, and bedding due to its softness and antibacterial qualities.
How does Bamboo fiber perform?
Bamboo yarn is breathable, thermoregulating, and has a beautiful sheen. It’s also highly absorbent and dries quickly.
Skill level to spin Bamboo fiber:
Beginner to Intermediate. Bamboo is relatively easy to spin, thanks to its smoothness and length, making it suitable for those with basic spinning skills.
Source: The Textile Indie Shop Bamboo Fiber
Ramie
Ramie is a fiber made from the nettle family plant, Boehmeria nivea, known for its ability to hold shape, reduce wrinkling, and introduce a silky luster to fabric blends.
What is Ramie fiber good for?
Ramie is often blended with other fibers to create lightweight, breathable fabrics ideal for summer wear, table linens, and sewing threads.
How does Ramie fiber perform?
Ramie produces a strong, durable yarn that is resistant to bacteria and molds. Ramie is one of the strongest natural fibers, similar to linen in absorbency and density.
Skill level to spin Ramie fiber:
Intermediate. Ramie’s stiffness and slipperiness can make it challenging to spin, but it’s manageable with some experience.
Source: The Woolery Ramie Top Fiber
Jute
Jute is a long, soft, shiny vegetable fiber that can be spun into coarse, strong threads, famously used for burlap fabric, hessian, or gunny cloth.
What is Jute fiber good for?
Rugs, sacks, and other heavy-duty items. It’s also used in composite materials and as geotextile.
I have a big roll of jute that I use in my garden for tying up plants. It’s biodegradable, so I can throw it in the compost pile at the end of the season.
How does Jute fiber perform?
Jute yarn is extremely strong and durable, with good insulating and antistatic properties, as well as low thermal conductivity.
Skill level to spin Jute fiber :
Beginner to Intermediate. Jute is relatively easy to spin due to its coarse nature, but its rough texture might not be ideal (or pleasant) for all spinners.
Nettle (Stinging Nettle or Ramie)
Nettle fiber, sourced from the stem of the stinging nettle plant, has been used historically for textiles. It is durable and naturally resistant to pests.
What is Nettle fiber good for?
Eco-friendly textiles, historical reenactment garments, and blending with other fibers to add strength.
How does Nettle fiber perform?
Nettle stems produce a yarn that is strong and has a natural sheen, similar to linen or hemp, but with a softer feel after processing.
Skill level to spin Nettle fiber:
Intermediate to Advanced. Preparing nettle fibers for spinning can be labor-intensive, and the spinning process requires some skill to achieve consistent yarn.
Source: The Woolery Giant Himalayan Stinging Nettle Fiber
Sisal (Agave Sisalana)
Sisal is a natural fiber extracted from the leaves of the sisal plant, known for its strength, durability, and resistance to deterioration in saltwater.
What is Sisal good for?
Ropes, twines, and a variety of other uses, including mats, rugs, and crafts. It’s also used in non-textile applications like paper, cloth, and wall coverings.
Like jute, you won’t be wearing sisal fiber, but you’re probably familiar with it in home decor.
How does Sisal perform?
Sisal yields a stiff, durable yarn that is not typically used for clothing due to its rough texture but is excellent for household items and crafts.
Skill level to spin Sisal fiber:
Beginner to Intermediate. The coarseness of sisal makes it relatively easy to spin, but its rough texture is obviously not suitable for all projects.
Coir (Coconut Husks)
Coir is a natural fiber extracted from the husk of coconuts, known for its durability and moisture resistance.
What is Coir good for?
Coir is used to make durable items like mats, brushes, and ropes. It’s also used in horticulture as a natural potting medium.
For seed starting, Coir comes in big, dense bricks. A little time in warm water, and it breaks down into a soil-like texture. It’s considered a more sustainable substitute for peat moss.
How does Coir perform?
Coir produces a tough, water-resistant yarn that is more suitable for industrial and gardening applications than for clothing.
Skill level to spin Coir fiber :
Intermediate. Spinning coir can be challenging due to its stiffness and roughness, requiring some experience to handle it effectively.
Kapok (Ceiba Trees)
Kapok is a lightweight, buoyant fiber obtained from the seed pods of the Ceiba tree, notable for its softness and natural silk-like sheen.
What is Kapok good for?
Kapok is used as a filling for pillows, upholstery, life jackets, and insulation, rather than spun yarn for textiles due to its slippery nature.
How does Kapok perform?
While it’s not commonly spun into yarn due to its very short and slippery fibers, it’s valued for its buoyancy and insulating properties.
Skill level to spin Kapok fiber :
Advanced. Spinning kapok into yarn is rare and would require advanced skills to manage its short and slippery fibers.
Source: The Woolery Kapok Fiber
Abaca (Manila Hemp)
Abaca is a strong natural fiber extracted from the leaf sheath around the trunk of the Abaca plant, a species of banana native to the Philippines.
What is Abaca good for?
Abaca is used to make specialty papers like tea bags, filter papers, and currency notes, as well as eco-friendly bags, ropes, and fabrics.
How does Abaca perform?
Abaca yields a strong, durable yarn with excellent resistance to saltwater decomposition, making it ideal for maritime ropes and fishing nets.
Skill level to spin Abaca fiber :
Intermediate to Advanced. While its strength is a benefit, the stiffness and processing required to make it spinnable can be challenging.
Pineapple (Piña)
Piña is a fiber made from the leaves of the pineapple plant, appreciated for its delicate, lightweight, and lustrous qualities.
What is Pineapple fiber good for?
Pineapple is used in the most luxurious traditional Philippine textiles, wedding dresses, and other formal wear, which showcase its natural sheen and fine texture.
How does Pineapple fiber perform?
Pineapple produces a very fine, silky, and lightweight yarn, ideal for handwoven and embroidered fabrics that require a delicate touch.
Skill level to spin Pineapple fiber:
Advanced. The extraction and spinning of Piña fibers require specialized skills and patience, making it more suitable for experienced spinners.
Source: The Woolery 100% Cellulosic Pineapple Fiber
Banana
Banana fiber, derived from the banana plant’s pseudostem, is a sustainable, strong, and biodegradable natural fiber with a silky luster.
What is Banana good for?
Eco-friendly textiles, paper, and handicrafts. It’s often blended with other fibers to create fabrics with unique textures and strengths.
How does Banana perform?
Banana fiber spins into a strong, lightweight yarn with a beautiful sheen, similar to bamboo or silk, but with its own unique texture.
Skill level to spin Banana fiber:
Intermediate. Banana fiber’s length and strength make it relatively easy to spin, but achieving a consistent yarn may require some practice.
Source: The Woolery Banana Top
Exotic fibers for spinning
SeaCell (Seaweed)
SeaCell is a unique fiber made from seaweed blended with cellulose. It’s known for its softness, breathability, and skin-friendly properties due to the natural minerals and vitamins in seaweed.
What is SeaCell good for?
Eco-friendly clothing and textiles that benefit from the antimicrobial and UV-protective properties of seaweed.
How does SeaCell perform?
Produces a soft, smooth yarn with a silky feel, similar to bamboo or Tencel, but with added skin-care benefits.
Skill level to spin SeaCell fiber :
Beginner to Intermediate. The process of spinning SeaCell is similar to other cellulose fibers (plants), making it accessible to spinners with basic skills.
Source: The Woolery Seacell Top
Milk Protein Fiber
Milk protein fiber is made from casein, a protein in milk, creating a bio-based, synthetic fiber that’s incredibly soft and has a silky, luxurious feel.
What is Milk good for?
Garments and textiles that are in close contact with the skin, such as underwear, sportswear, and baby clothes, benefit from milk protein‘s antibacterial and hydrating properties.
How does Milk perform?
Milk fiber yields a yarn that is comfortable, moisture-absorbent, and has a natural sheen. It also has thermal properties similar to wool.
Skill level to spin Milk fiber :
Intermediate. Spinning milk protein fiber requires some familiarity with synthetic fibers but is generally manageable with a bit of experience.
Source: The Woolery Milk Protein Top
Soy Protein Fiber
Soy protein fiber, also known as “soy silk,” is derived from the residue of soybeans from tofu or soy milk production. It’s eco-friendly and known for its softness and drape.
What is Soy good for?
Soy makes lightweight, breathable textiles that require a soft touch and good moisture absorption, such as summer garments and lingerie.
How does Soy perform?
The fiber spins into a smooth, silky yarn that drapes beautifully and feels similar to silk or Tencel.
Skill level to spin Soy fiber:
Intermediate. The fibers’ silk-like properties make them a joy to spin, though achieving consistent thickness may require some practice.
Source: Etsy Soy Bean Fiber from Walnut Farm Designs
Corn Fiber
Corn fiber, produced from the proteins in corn, is a biodegradable, eco-friendly fiber known for its luster, softness, and durability.
What is Corn fiber good for?
Corn fiber is used in sustainable textiles, including clothing and home fabrics, where hypoallergenic and biodegradable qualities are valued.
How does Corn fiber perform?
Corn fiber creates a yarn that is soft, strong, and has a natural sheen, with moisture-wicking properties similar to polyester.
Skill level to spin Corn fiber :
Beginner to Intermediate. Corn fiber’s consistency and spinning properties make it suitable for those with basic to moderate spinning skills.
Source: Etsy Ingeo Corn Fiber from Walnut Farm Designs
Rose Fiber
Rose fiber is a bio-based, eco-friendly fiber made from the natural waste of rose bushes, known for its softness and sustainability.
What is Rose fiber good for?
Rose fiber is used in luxurious, eco-conscious textiles where the fiber’s natural antibacterial properties and subtle floral scent are appreciated.
How does Rose fiber perform?
Rose fiber spins into a fine, silky yarn with a beautiful sheen and softness comparable to silk or bamboo fibers.
Skill level to spin Rose fiber:
Intermediate. While rose fiber is relatively easy to spin, achieving a fine, consistent yarn requires some practice.
Source: The Woolery Rose Fiber Top
Mint Fiber
Mint fiber is produced from mint leaves, offering a unique combination of natural antibacterial properties, cooling sensation, and environmental sustainability.
What is Mint fiber good for?
Mint is great for summer clothing, activewear, and textiles, where its cooling properties and fresh scent add value.
How does Mint fiber perform?
Mint fiber results in a lightweight, breathable yarn with a cool touch, suitable for warm-weather garments.
Skill level to spin Mint fiber :
Intermediate. Similar to other plant-based cellulose fibers, mint fiber can be spun with some basic skills but may require practice to perfect.
Source: Etsy Mint Infused Cellulose Fiber from Walnut Creek Farms
Pearl Fiber
Pearl fiber incorporates powdered pearls into a viscose base, creating a fiber with a subtle luster and skin-friendly properties attributed to amino acids in pearls.
What is Pearl fiber good for?
Garments and textiles that come into direct contact with the skin benefit from the hypoallergenic and enriching properties of pearls.
How does Pearl fiber perform?
Produces a yarn with a unique sheen and smoothness, enhancing the luxurious feel of the textiles made from it.
Skill level to spin Pearl fiber :
Intermediate. The spinning process for pearl fiber is similar to other cellulose fibers but offers a unique tactile experience.
Source: Etsy Pearl Fiber from Walnut Creek Farms
Lotus Fiber
Lotus fiber is extracted from the stems of the lotus flower, revered for its purity and strength. It’s a labor-intensive, sustainable fiber with a texture similar to silk.
What is Lotus fiber good for?
High-end, eco-luxury textiles where Lotus fiber‘s unique origin and properties—such as its lightweight, breathable nature—are highly valued.
How does Lotus fiber perform?
Lotus yields a fine, luxurious yarn that is both strong and soft, with a natural luster and excellent moisture-wicking capabilities.
Skill level to spin Lotus fiber :
Advanced. The rarity and delicate nature of lotus fiber, combined with its manual extraction process, make it a fiber for experienced spinners.
Source: The Woolery Lotus Fiber Top
Spider Silk
Spider silk is an extremely strong, elastic, and lightweight fiber produced by spiders. It’s not commercially available due to the difficulty of harvesting but is studied for its remarkable properties.
What is Spider Silk good for?
Conceptual and experimental textiles, as well as biomimicry projects in material science rather than practical spinning applications.
It’s also great as a Marvel Movie prop.
How does Spider Silk perform?
Spider silk is studied for its incredible strength and elasticity, spider silk has potential applications in medical materials, bulletproof vests, and more.
Skill level to spin Spider Silk:
Not applicable. While the properties of spider silk are fascinating, it’s not a fiber that can be spun by hand or is available for textile production.
Unconventional fibers for spinning (yep, these are for real)
Your lip may curl at some of the next fibers. But if you tour a Victorian-era home or museum, you’ll probably see examples of mementos and keepsakes made out of one of these forms of household hair.
Dog Hair (Chiengora)
Chiengora is the term used for yarn spun from dog hair, which is known for its exceptional warmth and softness.
Chiengora is derived from breeds with dense undercoats, such as Samoyeds, Huskies, and Chow Chows. It can be incredibly soft, often compared to angora or cashmere, and is a unique way to memorialize a beloved pet.
What is Dog hair good for?
Dog hair is ideal for creating warm, lightweight garments and keepsakes such as hats, scarves, and gloves. It’s especially valued for sentimental items that keep the memory of a pet close.
How does Dog hair perform?
Chiengora is 50-80% warmer than sheep’s wool, making it extremely insulating. However, it lacks the elasticity of wool and can be prone to felting if not handled carefully.
It also requires thorough cleaning to remove oils and odors.
Skill level to spin Dog hair fiber:
Intermediate to Advanced. Spinning dog hair can be challenging due to its unique properties, including varying lengths and textures, as well as the need for extensive cleaning and preparation.
Cat Hair
Cat hair yarn is spun from the soft, fine undercoats of long-haired cat breeds like Persians and Maine Coons. While not as commonly spun as dog hair, cat hair can produce a very soft and fine yarn, cherished for its connection to a pet.
What is Cat hair good for?
Cat hair is best for small, delicate projects such as keepsakes or jewelry. Cat hair yarn is often used for items that are more decorative than functional, given its fine texture and the small quantity typically available.
How does Cat hair perform?
This will not come as a surprise if you’ve owned a cat – the yarn is soft and can have a silky feel, but like Chiengora, it lacks elasticity and durability. It’s also prone to felting and requires careful handling during washing.
Skill level to spin Cat hair:
Advanced. The fine, short fibers of cat hair make spinning challenging, requiring patience and skill to produce a consistent yarn.
Human Hair
Human hair has been historically used in jewelry and textiles, valued for its strength and personal significance.
While not commonly spun into yarn for clothing due to its texture and handling properties, it remains a niche interest for artistic or memorial purposes.
What is Human hair good for?
Art projects, keepsakes, and historical reenactments. Human hair yarn can be used in weaving, knitting, or crocheting, often for items meant to preserve a memory or convey a personal message.
How does Human hair perform?
Human hair is strong and can be spun into a fine yarn, but it’s slippery and lacks the crimp of animal fibers, making it difficult to spin and prone to tangling. The resulting yarn is more suited to decorative items than everyday wear.
Skill level to spin Human hair:
Advanced. Spinning human hair requires significant skill to manage its smooth texture and to achieve a consistent yarn. It’s more about the challenge and the sentimental value than practical textile production.
Other Unconventional Fibers
Beyond pet and human hair, spinners have experimented with a variety of unusual materials, including:
Bird Feathers
Uncommon plant sources have been explored for their spinning potential
Plastic bags, videotape, and other non-traditional materials have been spun into yarn for artistic or recycling purposes.
Synthetic fibers for spinning
Synthetic fibers are man-made fibers produced from chemical sources, designed to mimic natural fibers or offer enhanced properties such as strength, durability, and resistance to moisture.
Yes, most spinners, at the core of their maker-hearts, are into fiber for the naturalness of it. I’m bringing you these fiber options in the name of education.
Acrylic
Acrylic is a synthetic fiber known for its wool-like qualities, including softness and warmth, and is often used as a more affordable alternative to wool.
What is Acrylic good for?
Sweaters, blankets, and accessories that require warmth, lightweight, and easy care. It’s also popular for its resistance to moths and sunlight.
How does Acrylic perform?
Produces a soft, warm yarn that is machine washable and resistant to shrinkage and fading.
Skill level to spin Acrylic:
Beginner. Acrylic is easy to spin, making it suitable for beginners looking to practice their skills with a forgiving fiber.
Nylon
Nylon is a strong, elastic synthetic fiber with excellent wear resistance and low moisture absorbency, often used in blends to add strength and durability.
What is Nylon good for?
Socks, sportswear, and other items that require elasticity and strength. It’s also used to reinforce areas prone to wear in woolen garments.
My favorite fiber to knit socks out of is a Merino/Nylon blend.
Nylon also comes in fun, sparkly, glitzy colors, which could be just what your project needs.
How does Nylon perform?
Adds durability and stretch to yarns, making them more resilient and long-lasting.
Skill level to spin Nylon:
Intermediate. Spinning pure nylon can be challenging due to its slipperiness, but it’s often blended with other fibers to improve manageability.
Source: Santa Fe Wool and Supply Co. carries a Bio-Nylon Vegan Roving
Polyester
Polyester is a widely used synthetic fiber known for its durability, resistance to shrinking and stretching, and quick-drying properties.
What is Polyester good for?
Polyester is common in everyday wear, outdoor clothing, and home textiles that require easy care and durability. It’s also used in blends to enhance fabric strength and wrinkle resistance.
How does Polyester perform?
Polyester yields a strong, resilient yarn that holds color well and resists wrinkles and abrasions.
Skill level to spin Polyester:
Beginner to Intermediate. Polyester is relatively easy to spin and is often used in blends, making it accessible to spinners of various skill levels.
Rayon (Semi-Synthetic from Cellulose)
Rayon is a semi-synthetic fiber made from cellulose, known for its silk-like feel, beautiful drape, and high absorbency.
What is Rayon good for?
Rayon is used in dresses, blouses, and linings where a soft, smooth texture and a luxurious drape are desired. It’s also appreciated for its breathability.
How does Rayon perform?
Rayon produces a yarn that is soft, lustrous, and highly absorbent but can be weak when wet and prone to wrinkling.
Skill level to spin Rayon:
Intermediate. Rayon’s slipperiness and tendency to weaken when wet can pose challenges, requiring careful handling during spinning.
Lyocell (Tencel)
Lyocell, often known by the brand name Tencel, is an eco-friendly semi-synthetic fiber made from wood cellulose, celebrated for its durability, moisture management, and sustainability.
What is Lyocell good for?
Eco-conscious clothing, bedding, and towels that benefit from its softness, strength, and moisture-wicking properties.
How does Lyocell perform?
Lyocell creates a smooth, soft yarn with a lovely sheen, excellent moisture absorption, and good drape.
Skill level to spin Lyocell :
Beginner to Intermediate. Lyocell is relatively easy to spin, similar to rayon, but with greater strength and environmental benefits.
Source: The Woolery Tencel Top
Aramid (e.g., Kevlar, Nomex)
Aramid fibers, including Kevlar and Nomex, are high-strength, heat-resistant synthetic fibers used in applications requiring durability and thermal stability.
What is Aramid good for?
Think bullet-proof vests. Protective clothing, aerospace, and military applications, as well as heat-resistant textiles, are not typically used for general apparel due to their specific properties.
How does Aramid perform?
Offers exceptional strength, heat resistance, and durability. It’s lightweight and resistant to abrasions and chemicals.
Skill level to spin Aramid :
Not applicable: Spinning aramid fibers is specialized work due to the industrial application and processing requirements.
Polypropylene
Polypropylene is a lightweight, durable synthetic fiber that is resistant to moisture, making it ideal for outdoor and activewear.
What is Polypropylene good for?
Polypropylene is used in ropes, outdoor carpets, and activewear, where moisture resistance and durability are key. It’s also used in disposable textiles.
How does Polypropylene perform?
Produces a yarn that is light, resistant to staining, and does not absorb water, making it quick to dry.
Skill level to spin Polypropylene :
Not applicable: not commonly hand-spun, polypropylene is used in industrial yarn production.
PVA (Polyvinyl Alcohol)
PVA is a water-soluble synthetic fiber used in the creation of novel textiles and nonwoven materials. It’s often used for its unique property of dissolving in water.
What is PVA good for?
Innovative textiles, temporary applications, and as a support structure in composite materials that are removed after processing.
How does PVA perform?
Performance: Unique for its ability to dissolve in water, allowing for creative textile techniques and applications.
Just don’t buy a PVA swimsuit!
Skill level to spin PVA :
Not applicable. The use of PVA in spinning is specialized and not typical for general hand-spinning practices.
Metallic Fibers
Metallic fibers are synthetic fibers made from metal, metal-coated plastic, or metal-coated polyester, used to add sparkle and conductivity to textiles.
What are Metallic fibers good for?
Decorative elements in clothing, crafts, and textiles where a metallic sheen or conductivity is desired.
How do Metallic fibers perform?
Metallic fiber can add a unique visual effect and can introduce conductive properties to fabrics, but it is generally not used alone due to its texture.
Skill level to spin Metallic fibers fiber :
Intermediate to Advanced. Incorporating metallic fibers into spinning requires some skill to balance the aesthetic and functional aspects of the yarn.
Fiber blends for spinning
Wool Blends (with Silk, Alpaca, Mohair)
Wool blends incorporate fibers like silk, alpaca, and mohair to enhance the softness, sheen, and warmth of the yarn. Each blend offers a unique combination of properties, such as the added luster of silk, the softness and warmth of alpaca, or the fluffy texture of mohair.
What is a Wool Blend good for?
Garments and accessories that benefit from the warmth of wool and the luxurious properties of the blended fibers, such as sweaters, scarves, and hats.
How does a Wool Blend perform?
These blends combine wool’s elasticity and breathability with the softness, sheen, or halo of the added fibers, creating versatile yarns suitable for a wide range of projects.
Skill level to spin Wool Blend fiber :
Beginner to Intermediate. Blending fibers can make spinning easier, as the mix often balances out the challenges of spinning each fiber separately.
Cotton and Linen Blends
Cotton and linen blends merge the softness and absorbency of cotton with the strength and crispness of linen, resulting in a yarn that’s ideal for warm-weather wear.
What are Cotton and Linen Blends good for?
Cotton and linen blends create lightweight, breathable textiles such as summer tops, dresses, and home textiles that benefit from the blend’s cool, comfortable feel.
How do Cotton and Linen Blends perform?
The blend improves the drape and softness of linen while maintaining its natural luster and strength, creating a fabric that wears well and softens with use.
Skill level to spin Cotton and Linen Blends :
Intermediate. The differing characteristics of cotton and linen can make spinning a consistent yarn challenging but rewarding.
Synthetic and Natural Fiber Blends
Blending synthetic fibers with natural fibers like wool, cotton, or bamboo enhances durability, elasticity, and ease of care. For example, adding nylon to wool for sock yarn increases strength, while blending polyester with cotton improves wrinkle resistance.
What are Synthetic and Natural Blends good for?
Blends are used in everyday wear, activewear, and textiles that require additional strength, stretch, or specific care properties, such as easy wash and wear.
How do Synthetic and Natural Blends perform?
These blends combine the comfort and aesthetic appeal of natural fibers with the functional advantages of synthetics, such as improved durability, stretch, and moisture management.
Skill level to spin Synthetic and Natural Blends :
Beginner to Intermediate. The inclusion of synthetic fibers can make the blend easier to spin and care for, making it a good choice for spinners of all levels.
Source: The Textile Indie Shop carries a variety of beautiful blended fibers